Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Essay on The Enron Disgrace - 2857 Words

The Enron Disgrace: Abstract: Ray Bowen, a Citigroup banker at the time and now Enrons chief financial officer, once asked Mr. [Andrew Fastow] about a batch of complex equations that filled a whiteboard in the conference room next to the Mr. Fastows office. quot;You cant tell me you understand those equations,quot; Mr. Bowen commented to Mr. Fastow. Mr. Fastow replied: quot;I pulled them out of a book to intimidate people.quot; The Fastows headed to Mrs. Fastows native Houston in 1990, both taking jobs at a young company called Enron. Just five years old, Enron was starting to evolve from a natural-gas and pipeline company into a trading firm. Mr. Fastow was one of the first managers hired by Mr. [Jeffrey Skilling], who himself†¦show more content†¦Eventually it led Enron to collapse under the weight of mindbogglingly complex financial dodges. Last week brought the first criminal consequences, as former financial executive Michael Kopper pleaded guilty to charges that he helped build a web of partnerships that disguised Enrons waning fortunes and funneled millions to himself, Mr. Fastow and others. The plea made it clear the federal government is now preparing a case against Mr. Fastow. Finance and accounting remain the core of the Enron story, but the companys cowboy culture -- and the way top bosses such as Mr. Fastow and former Chief Executive Jeffrey Skilling inspired it -- are also key to understanding what happened in this historic business debacle. Only now is the full scope becoming apparent, amid government probes and a growing willingness by some former and current employees to speak about it. Enron executives lived large, beginning with fast cars. Porsches were one favorite. Former Enron Broadband Services Chief Kenneth Rice drove in Ferrari Challenge races, an exclusive series for the rich. quot;They were guys who could afford not only to buy Ferraris, but to wreck them,quot; says Todd Renaud, a former information technology director at the company. Sometimes, employees celebrated their deals or trading wins by heading off to a local strip club. Brittany L. Lucas, a dancer at a club called Treasures, recalls aShow MoreRelatedWhy Enron Collapsed?1143 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the reasons why Enron collapsed? * Investments Enron dealt in energy. According to Infinite Energy, the first and main cause of Enrons collapse was failed investments. Enron invested money in fiber-optic networks, a power plant in India and water distribution in the United Kingdom, to name a few. While a company the size of Enron could afford occasional losses, the mounting, failed investments added up and created a plethora of debt. * Hidden Losses Infinite Energy states thatRead MoreEnron And The Enron Scandal1387 Words   |  6 PagesEnron, The Shadiest Guys In the Room When you ask young people about the Enron scandal today, most of them have not even heard of it. The fact of the matter is, it is very relevant to young professionals today. Enron is the most recent story of classic Wall Street greed and fraud. However it is still argued today by different stakeholders who are is responsible. This essay will take the viewpoint from multiple stakeholders to use the Enron Scandal as an example to further explain American corporateRead MoreExecutive Office Of Houston Natural Gas1689 Words   |  7 Pages Enron was created in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth merged together. Houston Natural Gas was a utility company based in Houston, Texas before being taken over by InterNorth. InterNorth was a very large energy company based out of Omaha, Nebraska. They specialized in natural gas pipelines, but also were successful in the plastic industry, coal and petroleum exploration and production. In the beginning Kenneth Lay, who was the Chief Ex ecutive Office of Houston Natural Gas, becameRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley ( Sox ) Act Of 20021617 Words   |  7 Pagesthe focus here will be on two of the largest financial scandals leading up to the passage of SOX, which are of those of Enron and WorldCom. In October 2001, Enron announced it was reducing after-tax net income by approximately $500 million shareholders’ equity by $1.2 billion. It also announced that it was restating net income for the years’ 1997-2001. In November 2001, Enron recognized in a federal filing that it overstated earnings by nearly $600 million since 1997. Within a month, they declaredRead MoreThe Case Of Enron And Arthur Andersen Co1829 Words   |  8 Pagesto pay your debts? That is where bankruptcy comes in. Not one person desires to do it, but you can go before a judge and have your past debts forgiven. Nowadays, certain people file for bankruptcy, businesses, individuals, and it no longer has the disgrace it once had. Now it is almost considered a sensible way to recuperate and come back again. According to Business Dictionary bankruptcy is a legal procedure for liquidating a business or personal property owned by an individual that cannot entirelyRead MoreEssay about Enron: The Smar test Guys In The Room1948 Words   |  8 PagesEnron’s ride is quite a phenomenon: from a regional gas pipeline trader to the largest energy trader in the world, and then back down the hill into bankruptcy and disgrace. As a matter of fact, it took Enron 16 years to go from about $10 billion of assets to $65 billion of assets, and 24 days to go bankruptcy. Enron is also one of the most celebrated business ethics cases in the century. There are so many things that went wrong within the organization, from all personal (prescriptive and psychologicalRead MoreEnron: the Smartest Guys in the Room1989 Words   |  8 PagesEnron’s ride is quite a phenomenon: from a regional gas pipeline trader to the largest energy trader in the world, and then back down the hill into bankruptcy and disgrace. As a matter of fact, it took Enron 16 years to go from about $10 billion of assets to $65 billion of assets, and 24 days to go bankruptcy. Enron is also one of the most celebrated b usiness ethics cases in the century. There are so many things that went wrong within the organization, from all personal (prescriptive and psychologicalRead MoreAnalysis: Essays About Lying1063 Words   |  5 Pagesscandal. Those accused swore their innocence even in the face of obvious guilt. Gray addresses this aspect of lying as follows: â€Å"Here rest the domains, familiar to everyone, of being on the spot, of feeling guilty, of fearing reprimand, failure, or disgrace, and on the other side of the ledger, of wishing to seem more impressive to others than the bald facts allow.† This type of lying is used to make the liar seem better than they really are. It can be used to increase publicity, wealth, or interestRead MoreThe Concept Of Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pagesexample of business ethics is the accounting ethics - it depends on the integrity of the honesty and transparency of accounting. A lack of business ethics accountant allowed at Arthur Anderson dishonest, when open and responsible for publishing the Enron audit. Therefore, the shareholders are hurt, the company closed down, and some Arthur Anderson accounting held their legal liability for violations of business ethics. (yourdictionary, 2016). The law often guide business ethics, and provides a basicRead MoreThe World s Oldest Profession For Nothing1613 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Prostitution isn t inherently immoral, any more than running a company like Enron is inherently immoral. It s how you do it that counts. And the reality is that it will happen anyway. It s not called the world s oldest profession for nothing. Why not make it, at the least, safe and productive?† -JEANNETTE ANGELL of A Wellness Perspective on Prostitution, Freedom, Religion, and More, Seek Wellness, Apr. 30, 2005. Prostitution, known as the world s oldest profession, and it exists everywhere

Monday, December 23, 2019

Effects of Globalization Towards Our Culture - 721 Words

How does Globalization Affect Cultural traditions? Globalization is very synonym to us since the past few years. It can be defined as process by which regional economies, societies and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation and trade. Globalization also has made a vast change in every angle of humans life and one of it is, our cultural tradition could be affected due to globalization process. Culture is what people eat, how they dress , beliefs they hold and activities they practice. Globalization has joined different cultures and made it into something different. There are three things that could be affected: Food culture, traditional attire and traditional performing arts. First†¦show more content†¦They feel that international culture as good for them.As a result, they tend to follow these cultures and we can see many people started to wear jeans , skirts and what not. As Globalization has made the trade became global and faster, cloth products from foreign countries ca n easily enter this country. So, people can easily get foreign clothes in various supermarket all over the country. As time goes by, people that wear others attire is increasing gradually while on the other hand, the traditional attire are less worn and only be wore in certain places or events, not so frequent as before. As a conclusion, Globalization does affect the traditional attire of particular ethnics as they tend to wear foreign clothes as it is regarded as international attire. In addition, another effect of Globalization is the deterioration of traditional performance arts due to the entrance of lot of foreign influences in performing arts. One of kinds of performing arts is music. Every ethnic or nation have their own traditional music and it is part of culture. But, in this Globalization era, the traditional music and songs have declined gradually. People nowadays tend to look for modern music like Rock, Pop and RnB rather than hearing to traditional songs. They are also attracted towards foreign artists such as American artists as they bring modern music that fulfill the need of people in this century. Not just that, local artists also tend toShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization Is Globalization ultimately positive or negative, or somewhere in between? I believe it depends on who you ask the question, and how it affects their life. For myself, I can’t get passed the negative way it has impacted my life and others around me in the same situation. Those of us who have lost our jobs and livelihood and are now labeled as â€Å"the long term unemployed† have seen our jobs eliminated and outsourced overseas; find it hard toRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture: Cultural Homogenization1707 Words   |  7 Pagesway-of-life. With the dawn of globalization, however, cultural variety and distinguishing characteristics are vanishing; giving rise to a monoculture common to all. While this may be a harbinger of unity and relatedness among all people of the world, it also damages the unique cultural identities they once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalization on culture, along with its positive and negative effects. Since the effe cts of globalization on culture are non-exhaustive, it is attemptedRead MoreEssay The Phenomenon of Cultural Globalization747 Words   |  3 Pages The term globalization is commonly used to describe the increased mobility of goods, services, labor, and technology throughout the world. Globalization is a social change; it is really an increase in connections among societies and their elements. Globalization has become identified with a number of trends, most of which developed in the period after World War II. The developments of technology, organizations, legal systems, and infrastructures helped enable this movement to occur, thus leadingRead MoreFrom Agriculture To Industrialization To Innovation And1583 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society. Globalization exists beyond the ends of America. The rapid growth of local and global relationships proves our interdependency. Our willingness to effectively and cooperatively communicate determines our fates in this globalized w orld. Globalization is â€Å"the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-time and world-space† (Steger, 2013, p. 15). The four main dimensions are economic, political, ecological, and cultural. Because the effects of globalizationRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Cultural Diversity1394 Words   |  6 PagesNowadays, the traditional cultures are disappearing since diverse cultures play a critical role in the society. Many people have been experiencing the negative effects of the globalization process. This paper will be focused on the impact of globalization on cultural diversity. First, it is about the concept of multiculturalism which is an adequate concept of culture today. Second, it will be explained about the difference of cultures which are supposed to considered equal by defining the term minorityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Case For Contamination 1410 Words   |  6 PagesMedgina Jasmin REL 2011 Case for contamination Review If we were to lay the topic â€Å"effects of globalization† on the table, what assumptions might arise? Well, one might point out whether globalization can be considered as a positive thing or negative thing towards different cultures. The article â€Å"Case for contamination† gives insight on the author’s views and arguments towards globalization and how that intertwined with the people in Ghana. The author of the article named Kwame Appiah who isRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Society1114 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Globalization 3 Introduction The effects of globalization are visible everywhere. The mixing of cultures and races throughout our society is everywhere. It’s on television, in our homes and woven into our workplace. This is not necessarily a new construct; it’s just more noticeable today than in the past. The Roman Empire opened all trade in Europe, Africa andRead MoreGlobalization Is Defined As A Process Of Interaction And Integration Arising From The Interchanging World1356 Words   |  6 PagesHutchens Cultural Anthropology Globalization Unit October 17, 2014 Globalization Globalization is defined as â€Å"a process of interaction and integration arising from the interchanging world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.† In other words, it is interactions and trade between people and other countries including governments. There are many effects that come along with globalization, both negative and positive. Negative aspects of globalization start with non-economists andRead MoreThe Importance Of Globalization1122 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization is important to understand in order to determine what worked in the past and can be successful again in the future. Our many cultures, ideals and growing technology form together to create an extremely global world. We use products that were made on the other side of the world, and are taxed on practically everything. Whether the effects of our global society is good or bad, there’s no doubt that the world is constantly changing and impacting our livelihoods, so we must adapt accordinglyRead MoreGlobalization Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization essay Globalization is the trend towards a single, integrated, and interdependent world. Some humans may not even realize globalization plays a part in our modern lives, but examples that may be classified as evidence of this trend include: the ability to buy products from dining cuisines belonging to myriad of different ethnical cultures, a joint project in which a multinational group of astronauts are sent to the moon, the visit of a Canadian circus troupe to China, the establishment

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Chinese Discrimination in the United States Free Essays

Ethnic Groups and Discrimination Scott Johnson ETH 125 January 15, 2012 Stephanie Perry Ethnic Groups and Discrimination The Chinese immigrated to the United States in during the 1800s; Official records show that before 1857, 46 Chinese immigrants were in the United States. Over the next 30 years more that 200,000 Chinese had immigrated to the United States. This immigration wave was largely because of the push of the awful conditions in China and the pull of the discovery of gold, and, job opportunities in the west (Immigration and the United States, Schafer, 2006). We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Discrimination in the United States or any similar topic only for you Order Now During the 1860s railroad work was abundant. The two lines, Central Union and Pacific Union, were the largest employer of the Chinese and the Irish. Working the Central Union was dangerous work through rough terrain. The work was dominated by the Chinese. Despite being 90% of the laborers the Chinese were paid less that the Irish who were 10% of the laborers. This dual labor market continues until the completion of the railroads. Regardless of being the majority of the laborers, the Chinese were excluded from the Golden Spike ceremony in Promontory, Utah. After the completion of the completion of the railroad, the Chinese immigrants continued to accept work that others would not do. This caused an industrial dependence on cheap labor to fuel the American economy. The Chinese were welcome as the economy needed them. When the labor was finished, they were no longer welcome. The Chinese welcome was short lived because of stereotypes that were prevalent before immigration. American traders and Protestant missionaries spoke to the American people of the Chinese exotic and sinister manners. These stereotypes caused sinophobia. This sinophobia directly resulted in the â€Å"Yellow Peril†, a threatened expansion of Asian populations as magnified in western immigration (answers. om). Takai, in 1989, noted that the fear of the Yellow Peril shattered any appetite to learn more about the customs of the Chinese, or, themselves as a people. Sinophobia was compounded when the government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. This government action not only outlawed Chinese immigration and naturalization for 10 years, but it led the American people to further discrimi nation; any thought that the discrimination was unjust and unfounded was alleviated through the governmental act. At the end of the act’s 10 year run, it was continued another 10 years, and, the practice continued into the 20th century. On December 17, 1943, the Magnuson Act repealed the Exclusion Act. Repealing the act allowed growth and assimilation of the Chinese people. â€Å"The Chinese exhibit high affluence combined with a relatively high degree of segregation from Whites in a few metropolitan areas (Lee, C. N. , 2004). Redlining leads to the belief that the manisfestation of suburban ethnic districts may alleviate the need to bodily intergrate with Whites to obtain greater socioeconomic success. Despite the menial jobs the Chinese continued to grow financially, and, the affluent Chinese continued to live next door to their poorer neighborhood, an act of self-segregation; with the self-segregation encouraged forming their own chamber of commerce, public library, and hospitals. â€Å"The true destructive nature of residential segregation reared the discrimination perpetuated by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Homeowners Loan Act, Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the real estate industry, banks, and other financial institutions (Massey Denon, 1993). Chinatown, San Francisco, is not just the largest Chinese Town outside of Asia, but is the largest example of redlining. The 1870 anti-Chinese ordinances passed in San Francisco to curtail housing and employment options. The ordinances passed successfully pushed the Chinese into an unwanted area. Having them in one area made it easier for San Francisco law enforcement of curfews. In the San Francisco bay area the garment industry is made up of 53% Asian workers, mostly women. â€Å"These ‘sweat shops’ are overcrowded, not well ventilated and poorly lit† (urbanhabitat. org). The garment workers are exposed to particles and toxic chemicals. Many women bring their children to work with them, and the particles and chemicals are known to be especially are harmful to children. Many Asian-American associates support reverse discrimination against Asian-Americans as demonstrated by being denied college entrance (asianam. com). Many Chinese are making donations to the very organizations that are anti-Chinese, in exchange for denial of Asian-American’s denial to colleges and universities. Thomas Espenthade and Alexandria Walton Radford examined data on students applying to college in 1997 and discovered what ooks to be different standards for different racial groups. They found that Asian-Americans needed to have nearly perfect SAT scores of 1550 to have the same chances as other races which were requiring scores of 1100 to 1410. They also noted that other races were three to 15 times more likely to be accepted to university. Stephen Hsu noted that it appe ared that the university’s magically end up with 20% Asian students. One Princeton lecturer asked if that number represents the â€Å"Asian Ceiling†. Is affirmation action working? â€Å"Advocates of affirmation action argue that it is needed because of historical discrimination. Maybe that was true in 1970, but it is no longer true affirmative action is now a part of the minority machine, an indispensable component which is perpetual victimhood† (jonstosselfoxnews. com). Yet another straddle that the Chinese have endured is the Glass Ceiling. Although experienced by both men and women, a double jeopardy has been attached to Chinese women. A Chinese man has a better opportunity to move up the ladder than a Chinese woman. In general, at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2000 one in 10 is on the professional staff while one in 25 was a manager (Varma, 2004). As a whole, the Chinese are underrepresented as CEOs. Board members, and high level managers. While researching this essay I have discovered that the Chinese-Americans have endured. Upon arrival in the 1800s. I have become more culturally aware of their movement to quash stereotypes and discrimination, and there attempt to mainstream there culture in the United States. 1) asianam. com 2) jonstosselfoxnews. com 3) Lee, C. N. , 2004 4) Massey Denon, 1993 5) Immigration and the United States, Schaefer, R. D. , 2006 6) urbanhabitat. org 7) Varma, 2004 How to cite Chinese Discrimination in the United States, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

If You Pitch It, They Will Eat free essay sample

There is a reason why so many people are obese. The main reason is food, the kinds of foods are not just fast food but food what we call junk food. Who is responsible for this, is it the people who consume it or is the companies that produce and promote their food. I think they are both to blame and there is always a good and bad in everything. If you are twenty percent over your normal weight you are considered obese. We have to make the right choices when it comes to food because we decide what’s good and bad for us and we are free to choose but not from the consequences. In our society we all know that McDonalds and other companies target young kids into consuming their unhealthy food which causes obesity. Most kids are introduced into these kind of fast foods through advertising and toys which kids prefer the most. Some foods are addictive which makes them come for more and more and it makes them more obese. â€Å"advertising is nothing new, but is more prevalent than ever†. (Barboza) He also said that there are more schools that offer fast food choices mostly because some schools have contracts with companies. â€Å"You are what we eat†. (Ludwig Feuerbach). If you consume fat you become fat. If the Companies produce products or foods that are unhealthy for human consumption but for their own benefit they will find the most efficient and economical way to produce the food at a lower cost also that it’s affordable to most people. If companies become more responsible and produce food that are beneficial for human consumption then they would have had more costumers and more happy customers when it comes to their health. We should also realize that there are good and bad out there and our choices may reflect on how we make that decision. If fast food companies were never established this problem wouldn’t have existed. I think that the companies are to blame for starting fast food, but I don’t think they had an intention to make their clients obese but they base it on business by making their franchise more affordable also think that the consumers have no idea what they are consuming due to the ignorance in nutrition or health. But most people know what’s good and bad for them and it’s their choice and decision to buy and consume whatever’s good or bad for them. And I also think that there is always a good and bad to everything, like light for darkness, the lie and the truth, good people and bad and sometimes life is like a magnet where there is a south and north pole different fields one negative and the other positive. We as humans should make the right decisions and choices when it comes to problems like this where we analyze the issue and come up with an answer. We are free to make choices but we are not free from the consequences of our choice. They should not let the company be the only people that are responsible, but they also have to know that 50% of the time it’s their fault too. If they decide not to consume fast food and adopt top a natural healthy diet, these companies would have not grown so fast and inflicted people’s life in this way. The other reason is that people should realize how many bad choices they make, â€Å"If You Pitch It, They Will Eat† (Barboza). If they use advertising to promote food the people will consume it if they convince them, because it’s cheap and easy and they tell you only the good things about it which may tend you to not think about bad things about it. There is another reason why people are obese. â€Å"It’s Portion Distortion That Makes People Fat. †. (Brownlee)According to this the amounts of food served in American restaurants are more than 2000 or 2500 calories and may exceed required. One calorie is how much energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1  °C. And the excess calories and fat that we don’t use are stored in our bodies if we don’t work out or exercise those turn into fat. The other ingredient is SUGAR also known as High fructose Corn Syrup and many other name s are given to this substance so that people are unaware what they are consuming, this is very harmful to your body it’s in Burgers to salads and it’s unhealthy to consume such ingredients because it causes diabetes, heart disease and many other illness. They offer bigger sized drinks for a smaller amount. They don’t care what they sell as long as it helps their business develop. This also shows us that the problem with fast food companies is that they serve more food than what’s needed. Because people think the bigger the food and the smaller the price they got themselves a good deal, but it’s not how much you spend that matters at the end its how much you consume. People go to fast food restaurants because they are too lazy to cook and the price is cheap and it’s FAST, so it takes less time. People should realize what they put in their mouth, it’s like eating off a trash can which is humanly disgusting, but we do realize the starvation in other parts of the world where we can witness this. Parents are also responsible for their kids’ diet. â€Å"It’s parental responsibility. †(Gonzalez). She is trying to show us that parents are responsible for what their children put in their mouth. For instance she wants to know what they are letting them eat these unhealthy food when there is available food in the refrigerator. â€Å"The Battle Against Fast Food Begins At Home. † (Weintraub) But people tend to eat fast food because its time saving cheap and fast. Fast food companies don’t care what they feed their customers they are just concerned about the profit. If parents give their children the time they deserve they will not be eating such food. â€Å"Eat a lot, do nothing and get fat, eat a lot Exercise a lot and stay healthy. †(Mitch). If we eat fast food and still exercise, we will be fine. But for some people no matter how much it’s really hard for them to bring down their weight to normal. If you just eat and do nothing but watch TV you are definitely collecting unwanted energy which is stored in your body which causes body fat. The bigger the room the more stuff you can put in, that’s how our body works in order to save more energy it creates more space and that’s what we call obesity. There are people out there that don’t have other choices other than fast-food. â€Å"Obese children don’t have access to alternatives or calorie charts† (Pamela). People sometimes don’t realize what they get themselves into because of ignorance in the field or some people don’t have choices. Now McDonalds have their nutritional values labeled on everything but the print is so small that some people will need a microscope to look at it. Only the price is big and appealing. â€Å"Fat People in America. (Schmoe)There was over 60% obese people in America including kids. Now that has dropped to 30% and it’s stayed constant for the last couple of years. And people should take fast food moderately and not overdo it. â€Å"How Can You Put THAT In Your Mouth? † (Valencia). Some people know how bad fast food is but they still eat it because they are too lazy to make their own food. That laziness is what causes obesity. â€Å"McDonalds Target Kids by giving them toys with the meal and they have no understanding about nutrition†. (Wong). I agree with him because if McDonalds didn’t offer toys with their meals there will be less kids consuming it because they will have no reason, their trying to get kids to eat it the first time and they will keep coming back for the toys or the food. â€Å"Don’t Blame The Eater. † (Zinczenco) Sometimes the eater will not know what they are getting themselves into. This is how they sustain a long term business using kids who have little or no knowledge about food or what kinds of food they should consume. â€Å"Why settle for unhealthy, fatty, disease causing fast food, when you can eat healthier foods? †(Dietrich)Why do people even make the choice to eat these foods if they know it’s bad for them? It’s because it’s out there, you just have to do what you think is good for you. We know that Fast food companies are responsible for promoting foods that are unhealthy for kids to consume because kids have no or little understand when it comes to food. They should try not to target kids and promote something that’s healthy for kids to eat. Adults have an understanding on what’s good and bad for them they should just not do what they think is not right for them. And the other reason is that you can’t blame McDonalds because they are not responsible for their choices. They will start suing the motor companies for speeding because they made their cars go faster than 65MPH. There is a limit to everything, you just have to stick to it. If you can’t take responsibility for your own choices who do you think will do it for you.

Friday, November 29, 2019

assholes on crack essays

assholes on crack essays If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!! If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!! If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!!If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!!If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!!If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!!If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with submitting your paper. Teachers have no right to get upset with you for publishing your work. IT'S YOURS!!!If you want to be given credit for your work, and you should!!! Please include your name and e-mail address. There is nothing wrong with sub...

Monday, November 25, 2019

Example of a Formal Letter †English

Example of a Formal Letter – English Free Online Research Papers Example of a Formal Letter English (100 Level Course) Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing with regard to one of the letters to the director published in Monday’s edition of your newspaper referring to the incorrect idea that society has of the younger generation’s behaviour encouraged by what is shown on our cinema and TV screens about us.I am in almost complete agreement with the author. I am sick and tired of how teenagers are shown to the general public as anarchists who do not respect anyone but themselves and their friends, nor their families or their superiors in both university and at work. There are surely lots of youngsters who might fit in these profile but as many as there is all other age groups. Being a teenager does not mean being disrespectful of society. It is only a period of your life that does not necessarily imply behaving without caring about the consequences of your acts. However, the TV industry seems to be determined to build a deformed image of our behaviour. In almost every serial, soap opera, film, documentary or even cartoon, the teenage characters appear to live out of any script. They have always the most antisocial personalities and hardly rely on anyone, have an argument with one of their relatives practically once a day and do nothing at school but smoke in the bathrooms and miss classes deliberately. Therefore, I would strongly suggest that these television stations and film enterprises change their minds and reflect also what the other half of the younger generation do, how they struggle to get on with a healthy working life. Yours faithfully Student Name Research Papers on Example of a Formal Letter - EnglishWhere Wild and West MeetEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenStandardized TestingComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Friday, November 22, 2019

Leaf lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leaf - Lab Report Example Leaves in plants, are the photosynthetic sites. They absorb the requirements for photosynthesis among them sunlight. Since light is a key requirement for photosynthesis, plant leaves will tend to trap more or maximum sunlight they can access (Collinveaux, 1986). As such, most plants with develop leaf modification depending on their habitat and ecological niche hence broad, narrow and spiky leaves appear to various plants in various habitats. The oak leaves are not any different and so will portray different surface areas and sinus for those in shade and sun. In this experiment, graph paper, Glant press and weighing machine with an accuracy of 0.1g were used. Leaf samples were obtained from the Oak plant with emphasis laid on the relative position of each leaf. Thus 45 leaves were picked from the shade while another 45 from the light. Using the graph, the leaf surface areas were obtained and with the Glant press, polygon was traced on each leaf to determine the sinusoidal surface of each leaf. The procedure was repeated for each leaf and enough data obtained for analysis using computer software for the t-test. From the experimental results, it is established that sun leaves are narrow while shade leaves are wide. However, the sun leaves are thicker than the shade leaves based on the average sinuosity. This, points to the general requirement of light by the two types of leaves. Consequently, the results of this experiment confirm the hypothesis that leaves in the dark will grow larger and thinner to facilitate trapping and absorption of maximum sunlight (Horn,

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Homeland security Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Homeland security - Assignment Example Secondly, since the department is faced with the challenge of shrinking resources, taking an all-hazards approach will help address this problem. Although critics of the all-hazards approach have pointed to resource availability as a major restraining factor, a closer analysis reveals the opposite. This is because a single comprehensive program for responding to all types of disasters will be developed as opposed to having separate capabilities for the different disasters (Canada, 2003). Such a unified approach will help eliminate bureaucracy, and ensure that all relevant bodies across all the states work in harmony. This is well captured in the DHS’s 2012 strategic plan where it is recommended that an integrated approach to disaster management should be adopted. This can be effectively achieved through sharing of information with federal, state and local partners, including the private sector as well as international partners. Finally, the DHS is capable of handling all types of disasters if relevant local and regional structures are put in place. Through this, it will be easy to identify and deal with threats of all kinds in good time. Since homeland security is more than terrorism, the DHS must enhance its capacities and deal with all forms of hazards. As noted in the article by Christopher Bellavita (2008), homeland security goes beyond terrorism. This requires bringing all stakeholders on

Monday, November 18, 2019

Cuban Legal System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cuban Legal System - Essay Example military occupation. Cuba’s long and often strained association with the U.S. and a series of U.S. backed governments would lead to the 1959 Cuban Revolution and the current 50-year reign of dictator, Fidel Castro. The web article, Crime and Society: A Comparative Criminology Tour of the World summarizes the Cuban legal system as a composite of the three major stages of the country’s history, ending in what we know today as a socialist legal state. In 1973, the government promulgated the Law of Judicial Organization, establishing a hierarchical and more formal court system, replacing private law practice with law collectives-- strengthening emphasis on "socialist legality. Cuba’s civil law emphasizes written codes rather than precedent as the source of law. It utilizes an inquisitorial system of criminal procedure similar to that of Spain and France, with a smattering of Anglo American law including habeas corpus and a separation of courts and prosecutors quite uncharacteristic of Marxist-Leninist states. The article also sites key elements of Cubas "socialist legality" as an emphasis on substantive rather than juridical measures of justice; the use of law as a pro-active tool fo r socialist development; limited use of formal legal mechanisms for the resolution of private disputes; the use of informal "social courts" to resolve conflicts such as housing and labor disputes; direct citizen involvement in the judicial and crime control, and a system of state-organized law collectives to provide low-cost legal services nationwide. Regarding the latter, Raymond J. Michalowski writes of the non-adversarial system,â€Å"These attorneys, as intermediaries between citizens and the state, often found ways to utilize the formal framework of substantive and procedural laws to represent clients interests despite an official ideology that emphasized non-adversarial lawyering.† (Raymond J.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Budget Information Problem Based In Metroline Travel Engineering Accounting Essay

Budget Information Problem Based In Metroline Travel Engineering Accounting Essay This report outlines a budget information problem based in Metroline Travel engineering and logistical function. The report also presents a discussion and analysis of a budget information problem with reference to the problem solving frame work. The project also includes the 4 Ps within the marketing mix, limitations of incremental budgeting, 10 criteria which are proposed for good-quality information and a financial analysis of the logistical function overtime cost. These analyses are necessary for competent decision-making. In addition, the report concludes with an investigative examination of these problems and plausible recommendations to address the companys deficiencies. Also noteworthy, advantages and disadvantages using the SMART framework with recommendations and implications will also be outlined. Contents Assignment 02 1 A budget information problem within the logistical function 1 B629/BZX629 Managing 2: Marketing and Finance 1 Report Prepared by: Kelemn Wyllie 1 Senior Material Support Manager 1 Metroline Travel 1 Tutor 1 Mr. Jay Naik 1 1 Date of the Report: 25-08-2010 1 Contents 3 TMA Part 1 5 Introduction 5 Stakeholder Analysis 6 Problem Statement 7 Figure 4 Internal Engineering Value Chain Analysis 7 Analysis 9 10 Conclusion 14 Recommendation 16 Figure 12 recommendations within the budget control loop 16 Bibliography 21 Appendix 22 TMA Part 2: TMA Activities 38 Activity 1: Week 6 Table 6.1 Three new tasks you could do at work 38 Activity 2: Week 6 Table 6.2 Costs Rewards associated with the proposed 3 new work 39 Activity 3: Week 6 Table 6.3 Communicating your proposed idea to peers in the organisation 40 Activity 4: Week 7 Table 7.1 How I currently deliver the service and how it could be improved 41 Activity 5: Week 8 Table 8.1 Focus group research on a marketing problem 42 Activity 6: Week 9 Table 9.1 Investigate marketing planning in my own organisation 43 Activity 7: Week 9 Table 9.2 The Marketing Plan 44 Activity 8: Week 10 Part A What financial information do you deal with at home and at work? 45 Activity 8: Week 10 Part B Share with other students what you hope to achieve by studying finance 46 Activity 9: Week 10 Table 10.1 Stakeholders financial information needs 47 Activity 10: Week 10 Table 10.2 Financial information requirements 48 Activity 11: Week 11 A completed version of Table 11.1 Garden Furnishings: solving the problem 49 Activity 12: Week 12 A Word Document noting your/your line managers budgetary information requirements 50 Activity 13: Week 12 Part A A completed version of Table 12.2 Template for cash budget 51 Activity 13: Week 12 Part B A Word document discussing practical application of master and cash budget information to problems of Garden Furnishings 52 Activity 14: Week 12 Resolving a budget information problem 53 TMA Part 1 Introduction As senior material manager in a public bus company called Metroline Travel. A subsidiary company owned by the Singapore based ComfortDelGro Corporation. See Appendix for profit and loss account and other related financial information as of 31st march 2010. The worlds second largest listed land transport company. The senior material manager supervises a team of 15 material support managers across London. These personnel are the logistical team and their core responsibilities are the supply, storage and procurement of parts to engineering (core activity). The logistical hierarchy is illustrated in figure 1. Figure 1 Metroline Organisational Structure (Logistical Department) Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder analysis is a useful technique used to identify the key people within the logistical function framework. These key personnel are very important to the organizational structure because they have tremendous power and influence which affects the performance and future resource planning allocated from senior management. Managers should consider the organisations responsibilities and commitment to all its stakeholders. (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 196) According to Mendelows matrix these can be grouped into to 4 categories which are illustrated figure 2 in Metroline Travel below: Figure 2 Mendelows matrix High Low C- Keep Satisfied D- Key Players A- Minimal Effort B-Keep Informed Low HighPower Level of Interest A- Drivers B- Operation, Suppliers C- Finance department D- Engineering (Core Activity) Assumptions To make the problem more bounded: Material managers have complete autonomy over their overtime Material manager received invoices on a Friday in May, June and July Budgets are formed outside the control of the logistical function Cost can be divided in to fixed and variable cost The material managers are constraint to 19 hours per week overtime (limiting factor) in line with the EU working time directive Problem Statement Budgets are used for detailed planning in the allocation of resources in a business. This information is important to management and stakeholders alike in assessing the activities and performance of an organisation, illustrated in Figure 3. The logistical function overtime budget is based on an incremental budgeting principle with an absorption costing approach for allocating cost per material managers. The incremental budgeting principle is based on 9% of their base salary plus current inflation. However, the material mangers overtime for May, June and July allowance were over budgeted which would affect workers long term motivational level working on a weekend. This over-budget affects the controlling, planning and decision-making of its activities. This overtime process is very important in maintaining a reliable service to engineering. Figure 3 Information direction Senior material support manager Material mangers Engineering The value chain consists of a series of activities that create and builds significance in maintaining a bus. An organisation can consider the activities in its value chain and assess if they are value added activities or non-value added activities. (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 190) This is illustrated in figure 4. Figure 4 Internal Engineering Value Chain Analysis EQUIPMENT ENVIRONMENT OTHER OTHER INPUT MACHINERY OUTPUT TOOLS QUALITY CHECKS REPAIR REPORT ENGINEERS BUS REPAIR MANAGEMENT PARTS GARAGE OVERTIME OTHER MATERIAL MANAGERS OTHER PROCESS PEOPLE As their line manager; I was tasked by the head of purchasing and logistics to investigate and place corrective actions to bring this over budgeting back under control. This over- budget is illustrated in figure 5. Figure 5. Material Managers Overtime budget as of the 31 July 2010 MONTHS January February March April May June July USER Material manager 1  £800  £900  £100  £100  £445  £520  £549 Material manager 2  £0  £220  £200  £220  £458  £612  £323 Material manager 3  £0  £100  £500  £461  £552  £144  £66 Material manager 4  £0  £50  £100  £110  £100  £222  £366 Material manager 5  £0  £60  £631  £100  £223  £141  £316 Material manager 6  £200  £100  £211  £250  £300  £44  £342 Material manager 7  £0  £600  £0  £54  £642  £335  £559 Material manager 8  £102  £0  £200  £0  £452  £500  £445 Material manager 9  £200  £0  £130  £0  £452  £900  £498 Material manager 10  £500  £0  £45  £0  £100  £626  £613 Material manager 11  £100  £200  £115  £225  £100  £225  £889 Material manager 12  £0  £200  £25  £445  £252  £225  £789 Material manager 13  £200  £0  £255  £235  £231  £995  £145 Material manager 14  £0  £120  £22  £122  £85  £452  £445 Material manager 15  £0  £100  £12  £144  £200  £100  £112 Total =  £2,102  £2,650  £2,546  £2,466  £4,592  £6,041  £6,457 Budget  £4,000  £4,000  £4,000  £4,000  £4,000  £4,000  £4,000 Cost variance  £1,898  £1,350  £1,454  £1,534 - £592 - £2,041 - £2,457 adverse adverse adverse Total Budget-  £48,000 Monthly allowance  £4,000 Daily rate-  £12.60 Weekend rate-  £20.23 Analysis Market segmentation is an important marketing task described by Bonomo and Shapiro (1983), cited by Sargeant (2009). It has a number of advantages which can be used to identify existing and potential customers. By placing customers into different groups by successful targeting their needs and managing their expectations. Figure 5. Organisational market segmentation criteria (Operating variables) Engineering (core activity) Heavy user Suppliers Medium user Finance department Medium user OTHER Light users After speaking with the material managers and investigating their overtime sheets for the months for May, June and July submitted to payrolls. The investigation using; the problem solving framework (The Managers Good Study Guide, PG 69). I found that the material managers were working more on a weekend to incur the over budget this is illustrated in figure 6 in appendix, which the daily rate is  £12.60 while the weekend rate is  £20.23 The budgeting system can seriously influence the level of motivation and culture of an organisation, because budgets play a central role in (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 155). This was because of an increase of activity; 40 plus financial invoices received from the finance department over May, June and July were received on a Friday and could not be completed that day because of day to day activities. These invoices needed to be resolved as soon as possible and took some time to process on the data base system for payment for the following week from finance illustrated in figure 7 . In addition, the limitation of the incremental budgeting, this budgeting type has inefficiencies and imperfections which were not noticed, until the increase of activity. Figure 7 total financial invoice hours to completion Using the 4 Ps- Price- Was the increase in the usage of overtime to complete the receipt of engineering invoices which will affect the material managers long term motivation coming into work allocating resources and imposing constraints on activity (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 155). Product- Was the volumes and frequency of the engineering invoices given on a Friday identifying those areas that require corrective action (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 155). Promotion- The finance manager; a senior manager requesting this activity be completed as soon as possible assessing how well managers have carried out their responsibilities (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 155). Place- Is material managers working location assessing how well managers have carried out their responsibilities (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 155). Budgeting is needed to provide managers at different levels with useful information to keep on the right road. This is illustrated in 11.2 the pyramid of purpose. This information is received for decision making. Corporate level- Provide a bus service to Transport for London Material manager overtime Support engineering Provide a bus service to Transport for London Provide parts and technical information Business level- Support engineering Operational level-Provide parts and technical information Operating Level-Material manager daily overtime Analysis of information criteria not being met There are 10 criteria which are proposed for good-quality information for decision-making; this is illustrated in figure 8. However the material managers overtime sheets were being sent directly to payroll, which added to the budget information problem. 1 Relevant- Their line manager had no knowledge of Material managers overtime 7 Timely- No Knowledge of Material managers overtime being over budget until at the end of the month 8 Communicated to the right person- Overtime sheets were sent directly to payrolls Figure 8 10 criteria which are propose for good-quality information for decision-making 10 Less costly than the value of the benefits it provides 9 Communicated via the right channel 8 Communicated to the right person 7 Timely 6 Concise 5 Trustworthy 4 Complete 3 Sufficiently accurate 2 Clear 1 Relevant Good-quality information for decision-making Analysis of the absorption costing approach From the cost analysis, the logistical function has a total budget figure of  Ã‚ £48,000. This is calculated by applying the  normal budgeted hourly rate of  £12.60 which is the budgeted man (direct labour) hours per manager according to normal capacity illustrated in figure 9, by the using the incremental budgeting principle. Figure 9 cost assignment is both Indirect cost- variable Overtime brought on by finance invoices Cost object Bus repair Direct cost- fixed Weekly overtime to provide parts and technical information to engineering The indirect and direct costs are equally distributed illustrated in figure 10, using the absorption costing approach which all cost is allocated to the main budget. This prevents monitoring of actual hours against the  actual spend within the budget. The resulting variances  should have enabled the logistical function to monitor the productivity and efficiency of all the managers. Hopefully, you can then see if there is a pattern or a reason for persistent adverse variance. The analysis will provide you with some clues about incentivize or modify  such behaviour via the budget building process. Figure 10 Relationship between costs Direct cost Variable cost Overtime brought on by finance invoices  £20.23 Fixed cost Weekly overtime to technical information to engineering  £12.60 Indirect cost Break-even analysis Break-even analysis identifies the level of activity and risk at which an organisation can generates no surplus or deficit. In the case of an over-budgeting issue; it relates to the point where the logistical function is in budget and will not be penalized for being over spent illustrated in figure 11. TotalJanuary February March April May June July  £2,102  £2,650  £2,546  £2,466  £4,592  £6,041  £6,457 Over BudgetNet Total =  £26,854 Total Budget- £ 48,000 Monthly allowance  £4,000 =  £48000- £26,854 =  £21,146 21,146(Fixed cost)/ 6 months =  £3,524 per month in overtime remaining  £3,524/ 15 material managers=  £234.93 per manager Direct cost  £234.93/  £12.60 = 18.64(Contribution) weekly hours per month or Indirect cost  £234.93/  £20.23 = 11.61(Contribution) weekend hours per month Figure 11 Break-even analysis Conclusion From the analysis, there is a clear budget information problem within the logistical function; the problem solving frame work has identified several problem areas. By Using the 4 Ps to illustrate Material managers working more on a weekend which has a higher premium rate than daily working. The limitations of the incremental budgeting; as an effective forecasting tool. 10 criteria; which are essential for good-quality information for decision-making. In which 3 criteria are not being met. In addition, not identifying true cost drivers within the budget. In which material managers that are working more on a weekend are not identified. These factors combined have affected the logistical function staying within their overtime budget. Recommendation Budgeting is part of the control process in organisations: the control loop (Understanding marketing and financial information, P. 134). The setting objectives, planning and implementing tasks, monitoring progress, reviewing results and adjusting tasks are crucial in staying and planning budgets illustrated in figure 12. Based on the investigative examination and analysis of the problems; these recommendations should improve the over- budget situation and return productivity. Figure 12 recommendations within the budget control loop Check against overtime sheets past weeks If not working- restart from the begin of the loop Operational level Provide parts and technical information Use recommendation outlined in action plan to control material manger overtime budget- budget building process Using the SMART framework from (Understanding marketing and financial information, Pg 122) the action plan will be outlined as the following Recommendation Timeline Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (Price) Material manager weekly overtime sheets sent to senior material manager 1 week to start Giving back control to the line manager by improving the Relevant, Communicated to the right person and Timely elements of information Increase of Senior material manager workload To start a new process, which can be adapted throughout the company and monitor usage for next year budget review Material managers might feel disempowered which might affect there motivation (Place) Weekend overtime needs pre-approval 1 week to start Giving back control to line manager by improving the control element of the budgeting loop. In addition the material having to work on a weekend might increase their morale Increase of Senior material manager workload To start a new process, which can be adapted throughout the company and monitor usage for efficiency of material mangers Identification of cost drivers Control of weekend working (indirect labour) Material managers might feel disempowered which might affect their motivation (Product) + Promotion Finance manager giving the invoices on a Monday instead of a Friday 2 weeks to start Spread the work load of the material manager Direct labour cost Increase of material managers weekly workload Weekend overtime can be used to complete other essential engineering task Build up of daily work that carried over from day to day Rolling budgets Next financial year Flexibility is built into the budgeting system to deal with any changes arising from day to day activities Updated much more frequently increasing work load It encourage a high level of learning and flexibility Rolling budget can be expensive in terms of management and administrating time. Which might affect management morale and less time to manage Activity based costing Next financial year Understand what and where is driving costs Very time consuming, checking each material managers overtime sheet for cost drivers Understand of cost drivers  before an informed decision can be reached If inappropriate drivers are selected. then it could lead to incorrect decisions  resulting in loss of efficiency,  de-motivation of staff and eventual failure of the business Work shredding to engineering administration clerks 2 weeks Reduce in material manager weekend overtime- It asserts, on quite strong evidence, that 80% of our results are generally produced by 20% of our effort and that the remaining 80% of our effort is swallowed up in achieving that last 20% of our results Increase in administration clerks workload Training have to be provided- cost Training and development Increase in errors by new users. Responsibility still remains with material manager 1640 Words References B629/BZX629 Managing 2: Marketing and finance Understanding marketing and financial information by Produced for the course team by Andrew Lindridge and Haider Ali (Marketing) and Graham Francis and Michael Lucas (Finance) The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA 2010 The Open University The Managers Good Study Guide by Academic Editor: Sheila Tyler 2007 The Open University Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA Booms, B. H. and Bitner M. J. (1981) Marketing Strategies and Organization Structures for service firms in Donnelly, J.H. and George, W. R. (eds) (1981) Marketing of Services, Chicago: American Marketing Association, pp. 47-52. Hope, J. and Fraser, R.(2003)Beyond Budgeting: How Managers Can Break Free from the Annual Performance Trap, Boston, M.A., Harvard Business School. Francis, G. Et al, (2009), B629 Managing 2, Marketing and Finance, Understanding marketing and Financial Information Part 3, the Open University, Milton Keynes Lindridge A et al,, (2009), Understanding Marketing and financial Information, B629/BX629, Managing 2: Marketing and Finance Part 2, Chapter 6, The marketing Mix, Managing Channel Conflict ,Communication difficulties / Expectation Role Incongruities pg21, the Open University, Milton Keynes Johnson and Scholes (1993) Mendelows matrix, Exploring corporate strategy PG. 177 New York: Prentice Hall, 1993.   Bonomo, T. V. and Shapiro, B. P. (1983) Segmenting The Industrial Market, Lexington, Lexington Books, cited in Sargeant, A. (2009) Marketing Management for Non profit Organisations, Oxford, Oxford University Press. Bibliography Examples, Francis, G (2009), Understanding marketing and financial information, B629/BX629 Managing 2: Marketing and Finance Part 3, the Open University, Milton Keynes Lindridge, A et al, (2009), Understanding marketing and financial information, B629/BX629 Managing 2 : Marketing and Finance Part 1, the Open University, Milton Keynes Lucas, M et al (2009), Managing 2: Marketing and finance, Course Activities 3, the Open University, Milton Keynes Francis, G (2009), Understanding marketing and financial information, B629/BX629 Managing 2: Marketing and Finance Part 3, the Open University, Milton Keynes Tyler, S. (2007), The Managers Good Study Guide, 3rd edition, the Open University, Milton Keynes.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Brave New World7 :: Essays Papers

Brave New World7 From my readings in Aldous Huxley's Brave New World I have noticed most of the World State citizens remain in a childish state of mind all of their entire lives from playing games all day to having instant gatification from their problems. This bothers me very much because in the real world people must work for what they want. Instead the citizens of this deranged culture are taken care of for their whole lives like children. In Brave New World the citizens of the World State take soma for instant gratification from everything much like kids today smoke marijuana to get away from their problems. For example when Bernard finds out that he is being sent to Iceland he takes some soma to relieve himself from his problem. After finding out that he was being sent to Iceland, "Lenina pursuaded him to swallow four tablets of soma. Five minutes later roots and fruits were abolished; the flower of the present rosily blossomed." (104) The soma Bernard took was because he wanted his problem to go away and hoped someone other then himself would fix it. The next example of the citizens being taken care of like children, was that they were taught by hypnopedia what to think and believe and to stick by it like a stubborn child. An example of this is when Bernard wants to think on his own, which is very unsual for these people, and Lenina repeats phrases she heard during hypnopedia to get him to take some soma to get rid of those thoughts: " A gramme in time saves nine, she says blindly" and "One cubic centimetre cures ten gloomy sentiments."(89) Bernard is frustrated by her inability to think but Lenina then finally nags him to the point that he takes the soma to make her stop. By doing this Lenina proves she can't think independently like a stubborn child would try to get its way. The last example of these citizens acting much like children is that all day they play elaborate games like elevator squash and obstacle golf. You never find out if they have any real responsibilitys at all but they play games during the day. At one point Bernard bemoans Lenina's tendencies: "...wretched that she should have thought it was a perfect afternoon for obstacle golf...." (64) You must wonder how they could play this in the afternoon if they have any responsibilitys at all.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Opportunity Cost Essay

Lets start with a small introduction to the topic Opportunity Cost. Opportunity cost is the cost of any activity measured in terms of the value of the next best alternative forgone (that is not chosen). It is the sacrifice related to the second best choice available to someone, or group, who has picked among several mutually exclusive choices. The opportunity cost is also the â€Å"cost† (as a lost benefit) of the forgone products after making a choice. Opportunity cost is a key concept in economics, and has been described as expressing â€Å"the basic relationship between scarcity and choice†. The notion of opportunity cost plays a crucial part in ensuring that scarce resources are used efficiently. Thus, opportunity costs are not restricted to monetary or financial costs: the real cost of output forgone, lost time, pleasure or any other benefit that provides utility should also be considered opportunity costs. Now lets look at Opportunity Cost from the point of production. Opportunity costs may be assessed in the decision-making process of production. If the workers on a farm can produce either one million pounds of wheat or two million pounds of barley, then the opportunity cost of producing one pound of wheat is the two pounds of barley forgone (assuming the production possibilities frontier is linear). Firms would make rational decisions by weighing the sacrifices involved. Looking at Opportunity Cost from the point of Implicit and Explicit Cost. Implicit costs are the opportunity costs that in factors of production that a producer already owns. They are equivalent to what the factors could earn for the firm in alternative uses, either operated within the firm or rent out to other firms. For example, a firm pays $300 a month all year for rent on a warehouse that only holds product for six months each year. The firm could rent the warehouse out for the unused six months, at any price (assuming a year-long lease requirement), and that would be the cost that could be spent on other factors of production. Explicit costs are opportunity costs that involve direct monetary payment by producers. The opportunity cost of the factors of production not already owned by a producer is the price that the producer has to pay for them. For instance, a firm spends $100 on electrical power consumed, their opportunity cost is $100. The firm has sacrificed $100, which could have been spent on other factors of production. Now lets look at some real life examples from my life inorder to understand Opportunity Costs better. Opportunity Cost Examples that I myself have been across- I have only Rs 1000 to spend and I have two choices, I can eat at a nice restaurant or buy a good cricket bat instead. I spend my Rs 1000 on buying the cricket bat, then the opportunity cost of that choice is the delicious meal I did not choose and let go. Opportunity Cost also works in regards to time. Eg- I only have two hours of free time. I could either go to a movie or meet a friend of mine. I choose to spend my time at the movie, the opportunity cost of this decision is the time I could have spent enjoying the company of my friend. Here’s another example- When for the first time I decided to invest my saved money lying with me. I had two options that I could do with the money I had. My first choice was either investing in Mutual Funds or leave the money in a Savings Account that earns only 5% per year. I invested in Mutual Funds and it returned 10%, here I’ve benefited from my decision because the alternative would have been less profitable. However, if the Mutual Fund would have returned only 2% when I could have had 5% from the Savings Account, then my opportunity cost would have been (5% – 2% = 3%). To summarize Opportunity Cost, scarcity creates choice, and every choice has value to us. That value can be looked at in terms of benefits and in terms of cost. Value is not always measured in financial terms but sometimes measured in terms of time or enjoyment. The opportunity cost of a choice is what must be given up in order to take an opportunity. It’s not the opportunity we chose, but the value of the next best alternative we didn’t choose. Every major choice has an opportunity cost.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Swiss Government

Swiss Government Free Online Research Papers This paper aims to unveil the politics of the neutral, independent nation of Switzerland. An outline of Switzerland’s political structure is presented. The Switzerland government is described as a federal parliamentary republic. The Swiss government is also the closest thing to direct democracy the world has ever seen. This structure represents the multidimensional aspects of Swiss society and how it affects policy. Secondly, this paper will address major political events of the past ten years, followed by a comparative analysis of both Switzerland and The United States. This critique attempts to prove how The United States might benefit from adopting some of Switzerland’s government and social policies. If the United States held a more neutral, less abrasive stance in international relations and conflict, the government might then focus on domestic issues, greatly benefiting its citizens. Also if the US were to adopt a proportional representation system as opposed to its current winner takes all system, citizens would feel spoken for. This might increase political participation by citizens. Switzerland is a small country located in the center of Western Europe. Landlocked between France, Germany, Italy, and Austria, the country is multicultural and multilingual. There are four national languages of Switzerland, French, German, Italian, and recently Romanish. With the wide-ranging languages and culture of Switzerland, the political system is of the same nature. Political scientist, Arend Lijphart, describes Switzerland as a consocionational state. A consocionational state, as Lijphart defines it, is a state with major ethnic, religious and linguistic differences that remains stable and peaceful despite these divisions Since World War II ended in 1945, Switzerland has been in a period of prosperity with no international conflicts. The country has been a neutral, peaceful, and independent nation. The preamble to the Swiss Constitution states, â€Å"We, the Swiss People and Cantons†¦resolve to renew our alliance to strengthen liberty and democracy, independence and peace in solidarity and openness towards the world† . This statement is representative of Switzerland’s neutrality in international conflicts and its consocianationalism. The Swiss Constitution defines the country as a federal republic containing 26 cantons, member states of the federation. Switzerland has a federal structure with three different political levels: the Confederation, the cantons and the communes. Confederation means the state, which includes three parts: â€Å"the executive (the Federal Council), the legislature (the Federal Assembly) and the judiciary (the Federal Supreme Court)† (FASC). The Federal Swiss Constitution is actually a revised version of the Swiss constitution of 1874. The Federal Parliament approved a revision of the constitution in December of 1998. However, the revision does not change any rights of Swiss citizens, but updates paragraphs and amendments in modern formation. This new constitution was officially adopted January 1 2000. The country is the closest thing to a direct democracy that the world has encountered. Citizens are encouraged by the government to frequently participate in voting, referendums and popular initiatives and they actively do so. There are only 10,000 votes required for a Constitutional revision. â€Å"According to the Federal Constitution, the Swiss people are sovereign and ultimately the supreme political authority† (FASC). The Swiss political system is a Federal Parliamentary Republic, made up of multiple parties with proportional representation of Swiss society. Some of the major political parties are the Social Democrats, The Christian Democrats, the Swiss People’s Party, and Free Democrats. The Social Democrats are a pro-European center-left party. The Christian Democrats are a centrist conservative party representing mostly a communal and Catholic ideology The Free Democratic party is a free-market friendly liberal party. The Swiss People’s party is a populist conservative party. The listed parties are part of a â€Å"magic formula†, dividing the seven executive seats, Switzerland began using 1959. The formula goes as follows: 2 Christian Democrats, 2 Free Democrats, 2 Social Democrats, and 1 Swiss Peoples Party . However, Switzerland’s political climate changed in 2003 when the Swiss People’s Party gained control in Parliament . Because of this new development, the â€Å"magic formula† was altered at the expense of the Christian Democrats. Parliament granted the Swiss People’s Part two seats and gave the Christian Democrats only one. Swiss banks are famous for their security and secrecy. Due to the country’s neutrality throughout Europe and the World Wars, the baking system flourished with business from around the globe. This business included accounts from Jewish people being persecuted during the Holocaust. For years the Swiss Banking Association was pressured by Jewish activists to release information about Swiss accounts held by victims of the Holocaust. Many deposits of Holocaust victims had remained unclaimed, and the Swiss banking law had long prevented access to information. In 1995, the Swiss Banking Association uncovered accounts containing millions of dollars. In August of 1998 Swiss banks agreed to compensate Holocaust survivors and families. Switzerland in the past was a laggard on women’s suffrage and abortion rights. Women’s suffrage wasn’t granted until 1971. In 1999, only 28 years later, a Social Democrat, Ruth Dreifuss, served as the first female President of the Confederation. In June 2002, Swiss people voted to decriminalize abortion. It would now be allowed in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Also in 2005, Swiss voters passed a law allowing same-sex marriages. These events recognize not only female equality but civil rights for all people. Switzerland’s second most populous city, Geneva, is the host for many international organizations and diplomatic meetings. Some major influential international organizations include the World Trade Organization, World Health Organization, the International Telecommunications Union, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, as well as many others. Frequently world leaders will meet with in Geneva to discuss treaties and other affairs. The neutral state provides a great court for these relations. This guarantees Switzerland as a great resource for the rest of Europe and the world. When the United States was attacked by terrorist on September 11, 2001, Swiss people were shocked and appalled by the catastrophe. Only 16 days later, Switzerland experienced its own tragedy. On September 27th, a Swiss citizen attacked the Parliament of Zug. The fanatic shot and killed 14 politicians. This resulted in heated debate in Parliament over gun- control and national security. That same year Swissair, the leading airline of Switzerland went bankrupt, resulting a national unemployment and financial crisis. Federal authorities funded the rehabilitated and renamed airline â€Å"Swiss† to preserve employment. The Swiss people were for the first time concerned with their safety from terrorism. This event made Switzerland feel insecure about their neutrality and become more interested in assembling with international institutions. Switzerland initially rejected joining the United Nations in 1986. But in 2002, the country joined after all. It was the last nation to join and the only one to have joined based on the popular vote of its citizens. Switzerland began negotiations with the European Union in 1992. The nation submitted an application to join, but after a national vote, the Swiss people voted against joining. Switzerland then suspended its negotiations with the EU. Traditionally, Switzerland has avoided alliances that might entail military, political, or direct economic action. These actions are believed to compromise their neutrality. Also they are against institutionalized integration. The Swiss People wish to remain sovereign. Over the years, The Swiss have debated joining the EU as the institution grows more and more powerful. The most telling action was taken in 2005 when the country agreed to sign the Schengen Treaty and the Dublin Convention. The first of which allows lenience of border controls between some European nations. The Dublin Convention is a product of the EU outlining the means by which a refugee can seek political asylum. Both of these actions suggest the Swiss’s intentions on becoming a greater part of the institution and soon an active member of the EU. Switzerland acts to benefit its citizens and progress as a nation, while consideration of merging with advantageous institutions. The United States has, under the current administration, acted in opposition to unifying and just precedents in an attempt to promote its own authority. The United States government needs to concern itself more with domestic issues, such as education, employment, housing, and healthcare, instead of governing other nations, such as Vietnam, Cuba, Bosnia, and currently Iraq. If this were to happen, I believe American citizens would lead healthier, more affluent lives with the possibility and benefit of better education, enhanced job security and reliable healthcare. The Swiss government is acting in coalition with its citizens as a greater force to secure its longevity and prosperity. I believe that if the United States educated and listened to its citizens as Switzerland does, the country would be more representative of its people. Switzerland recognized its constitution was outdated and needing improvement. In the United States, any idea of reevaluating notions written in a 200 year old document is â€Å"radical†. A jaded perception of conservatism has flooded American society and government. â€Å"Religious† or â€Å"moral† authority has taken power. The United States has in recent years feared progressive movements such as stem cell research, gay marriage, and allowing for increasing power among women and minorities. The United States would benefit politically and globally from being socially and domestically progressive. The fact is the United States, like Switzerland is made up of many cultures and races. Many Americans are from other countries and speak many other languages. It might benefit the country to practice Lijphart’s concept of consociationalism, wherein all the cultures can be represented in government and it remain stabilized. Many Americans cannot define themselves as either a Democrat or a Republican. Unfortunately, the current U.S. political system does not represent those people. There are currently little to no representatives from third parties in the United States Congress. The United States cannot stand â€Å"united† when a candidate when with only a slight majority of the vote and then gets to represent all of his/her constituencies. I believe that United States government and its citizens have allowed this to happen. The majority of citizens refuse to participate in or support government. There has been such a literal interpretation of â€Å"laissez-faire† government in America. Citizens reject and look down upon government involvement. Government makes society work, but society has to make government work. I believe this concept has been lost on the majority of Americans, and they choose instead, to allow other people to do all the dirty work. If the government represented all the diverging cultures and ideologies in America, then citizens would feel a deeper connection to the institution. This might encourage them to actively participate. Maybe if the United States had a proportional representation system, more people would vote. In turn, if more people voted, the more representative the government might then be. These matters require educating and citizens of their power and encouraging them to utilize it. The political structure of Switzerland allows and encourages the citizens to actively participate in government and legislation. It represents its dynamic multicultural society and concerns itself mostly with its own affairs. Since 1945, Switzerland has experienced little to no critical political movements or conflicts, other than those continuing its peaceful and cooperative nature. In that time, the United States has involved itself in many political conflicts across the globe, with no clear benefit to its own citizens. The United States could reshape its policies to benefit the multidimensional nature of its people, rather than reconstituting other nation’s governments. Research Papers on Swiss GovernmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationBringing Democracy to Africa19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Relationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essays

A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essays A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essay A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essay The K-12 Curriculum for the Grade 3 instructors was so a really successful one. The preparation was started with smiling faces shown by each participant. This is a manifestation that the Grade 3 instructors are willing and of all time ready to encompass the mission tasked by God ; and that is to implement to the full the K-12 Curriculum with your heads. Black Marias. and souls. The Mass Training for GRADE 3 instructors on the Basic Education Curriculum started on May 18. 2014 in the afternoon. Delegates from the different schools in the Division of Tuguegarao City were made to register before the start of the Sessionss. After which. an opening plan was started with a supplication led by Mrs. Juliet B. Alan. Master Teacher 1. followed by the vocalizing of the national anthem with Mrs. Liezel Santos. Master Teacher 1. conducting. An gap plan started the one-week long preparation. Dr. Benito Alipio. the Asst. Schools Division Superintendent of the division gave his gap comments and he emphasized that a 20 -first century instructors must larn. unlearn and relearn the accomplishments needed to bring forth a 21st century scholars who are equipped with twenty-first century accomplishments such as information media and engineering accomplishments. larning an invention accomplishments. communicating accomplishments and life calling accomplishments. Dr. Gilbert N. Tong. the Schools Division Superintendent. CESO VI. gave besides his inspirational message. He truly inspired us. instructors. to make our portion in developing a twenty-first century scholars who are developed with equal cognition and accomplishments that readily interpret into public presentation. Dr. Rommel Costales. the Education Program Supervisor in Filipino. discussed about the K to 12 Curriculum. He introduced the Secretary’s message on K to 12 Updates and he farther emphasized on some of import issues sing the course of study. Mrs. Vilma Darisan. Principal II. of Tagga-Dadda Elementary Schools. was the last talker and she talked about the â€Å"Assessment† . She discussed comprehensively her subject. We ended the Day 0 full of enthusiasm. Day 1 started with a simple plan led by Northeast District. It was started with a supplication so followed by the vocalizing of the national anthem. The delegates in every territory introduced themselves with their ain originative manner of presentation that made the session gratifying. Dr. Janette M. Dulin. Principal IV of Linao Elementary Schools. lectured on the â€Å"Grade Three Learners. † She gave us enlightening talk which made us clearer understanding on the features of class III 21st. century scholars. The participants performed different activities during her talk. After her talk. she sub-divided the whole group into 2. Each group went on their several assignments. Class A started their session on â€Å"Leveling of Expectations† done by Mrs. Lou Marie Miguel. Principal II of Larion Alto. She gave accent on the expected attitudes that each participants must possess. On the other group. Class B. was led by Mrs. Liezel Santos and disused the same subject. Mrs. Juliet B. Alan. Master Teacher I of Annafunan Elementary School. lectured comprehensively about the Araling Panlipunan topic. The participants actively participated on the different activities during her session with them. Mrs. Eleanor Cacacho and Mrs. Zenaida Rivamora. EPS I in Science and Social Studies. with Dr. Rommel Costales. EPS II in Filipino witnessed her talk. Mrs. Lou Marie Miguel. Principal II of Larion Alto. lectured the Science topic. She truly gave us a significant talk. Mrs. Analyn Quilang. Principal II of Pengue Ruyu. tackled on the â€Å"Edukasyon SA Pagpapakatao. † She delivered besides her talk with enthusiasm. On Day 2. Class A had their MTB with Dr. Janette Dulin as the first talker while on Class B. Mrs. Catalon. lectured on Music. Both talkers delivered their subject energetically and well. On the same twenty-four hours. Mrs. Evangeline Palejo. tackled about the English topic in Class A while Mrs. Analyn Quilang lectured on ESP in Class B with the presence of Dr. Norma Guillermo. Chief Education Program Supervisor in Elementary Division. Dr. Guillermo felt happy with the positive feedbacks she received on the public presentations of the trainers every bit good as the participants. Day 3 ( May 21. 2014 ) . the session was chaired by the participants of the West District. Same preliminary activities were made to get down the day’s session. The first lector was Dr. Janette Dulin. She continued her subject sing the MTB in Class A intelligently as manifested with the active engagement of the trainees. On the same clip. Mrs. Vilma Darisan presented her subject in Math. She discussed her subject enthusiastically in Class B. The trainees listened and focused themselves intently during her treatment. After which. Mrs. Catalon. and Mrs Vilma Darisan lectured on Music and Mathematics in Class A and B severally. With their expertness in showing their topics. they and the trainees enjoyed together their Sessionss. Liezel Trumata. the trainer in Health. so followed by Mrs. Juliet Alan who tackled about the Araling Panlipunan in Class B besides discussed their subjects intelligently. On the 4th twenty-four hours ( May 22. 2014 ) . the first lectors are Mrs. Liezel Trumata and Mr. J. Attaban who taught Health and P. E. severally in Class A and B. Luckily. Mrs. Santos. was observed by Dr. Venturada Durian and Mr. Gayagoy both DepEd functionaries in the division while Mrs. Evangeline Palejo discussed her subject in English in Class B. Presentation instruction was done right after the last trainers had done their talks and it was done in the afternoon and continued on the 5th twenty-four hours. The undermentioned presentation instructors were ; Mrs. Emily Guiquing. MTB. Mrs. Emma Calimag. Math. Mrs. Norolaine Cabalos. Araling Panlipunan. Mrs. Salvacion Cabalza. Science. and Mrs. Jane Carino. P. E. All the presentation instructors performed good and showed their ain originative manner in learning their capable affairs. The students were antiphonal and actively participated in the different activities tasked by the instructors. After the demo-teaching. a critiquing was made to the instructors with their several trainers. The preparation was completed when Dr. Rommel Costales. Education Supervisor II in Filipino. the last lector. presented his subject about the ‘Commitment Building. ’ He elaborated further his subject by inquiring the trainees to observe down four cardinal words about their propensities on the K to 12 Curriculum with the usage of a paper aeroplane. Everyone enjoyed much the activity. He farther strengthened the propensities of the participants through a picture clips about a teacher-learner relationships which touched the Black Marias of each participants. As we went through twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours with this preparation. we were enriched and enlightened with the new penetrations and constructs that were needed to accomplish the Goal of the K-12 Curriculum and that is to go the twenty-first Century instructors bring forthing battalion twenty-first Century scholars – the hope of the hereafter coevals that could assist our section. the Department of Education. be the topmost bureau in our state and do our state imperfect. globally competitory and at par with other states. The preparation ended with a simple shutting plan but wit h full luggage of larning on the portion of the trainees every bit good as the trainers.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Those Winter Sundays Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Those Winter Sundays - Research Paper Example I think everybody is attached to their parents and we can easily relate our emotions through this poem. As a child we always rely on our parent’s assistance and support and we hardly feel thanking them for their help which is quite obvious with human nature. Similarly, here the speaker tells us about the limited communication with his father. And the only communication his family members ever had between them was through demonstration of anger. â€Å"Fearing the chronic angers of that house† tells the frustration and anger that the speaker was living in. The speaker always felt his house as dull, lifeless, frustration and anger. He felt that the house was empty and there was nothing which can express love. May be he was too young to understand the complexities of a family. Now when he is older he understands the reason of anger and frustration. The poem reveals how difficult fatherhood is as the opening lines of the poem tells â€Å"Sundays too my father got up early a nd put his clothes on in blueblack cold†. There are many literary poems made on the strong relationship of father and son. There are famous literary poems made on this theme like Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey† and â€Å"The Illiad†. Both poems show the affection of father for their sons even living apart. They hardly had interactions with their son but still they care for them. In this particular poem the speaker says that he has behaved â€Å"indifferently to him, who had driven out the cold†. Although he took care of the family but no one ever thanked him for his concern and abilities. This poem takes me back to my childhood days and I remember how my father took care of every minute things of my life. Many times he tries to hide his emotions and love, but I can get the sense of affection through his caring attitude. I remember one day I was crying for a silly thing and how my father hugged me and pacified me with his words. Now when I recall those da ys I feel father is a special figure who can strain themselves for the well being of their family. Here in the speaker tells that his father never expressed the sense of affection verbally. But now he feels that his father is a strong man who never compromised his family, although he is tired â€Å"from labor in the weekday†. Although tired he still makes it a point to do stuffs for his family. Hayden has used imagery to reach out to the readers and convey the message of fatherhood as he tries to picture the activities done by the father. That means even in the hard times of winter he wakes up early morning to warm the house for his children. The speaker also mentions that he wakes up only when the house is warm or when his father calls up. Despite of doing all these, the speaker tells that he never shown any affection towards his father. And now when he is grown up he understood the love and affection of his father. In the last lines of the poem the speaker mentions that as a child he was unaware of father’s love through his behavior. – â€Å"what did I know, what did I know of love’s austere and lonely offices†. He now regrets and whished if could thank his father for affection and care. Like the speaker I have also many times ignored my father’s gestures and rather appreciating him for his care and concern sometimes I neglected him. But after reading the poem I feel it gives us a sense of regret for not understanding our parents. And this realization comes to us only when we reach

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Business Ethics Reverse Discrimination Term Paper

Business Ethics Reverse Discrimination - Term Paper Example However, there is a phenomenon referred to as reverse discrimination, which is defined as occurring â€Å"when a person is denied an opportunity because of preferences given to protected-class individuals who may be less qualified† (Mathis & Jackson, 2005, p.103). In this situation, it must be proven that the organization where the individual is employed was denied opportunities or received discriminatory actions because a member of a protected class was given preferential treatment. This paper describes situations in the workplace that involve reverse discrimination, with a focus on the legal structure that forbids this from occurring and the ethical issues potentially involved in workplace reverse discrimination scenarios. The Letter of the Law The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibits discrimination related to compensation, working conditions, or certain privileges for individuals over the age of 40 that work for employers with 20 or more employees (Mathis & Jackson). It is a federal law, thus it applies to all businesses across the United States fitting the profile of 20 or more employees. A situation occurred where those individuals who were considered a protected class against the ADEA filed suit alleging reverse discrimination based on benefits provisions and early retirement benefits options. At General Dynamics Land Systems, the company decided it would be in the best interest of the business to alter the retiree health care benefits scheme. Full health care benefits were to be provided upon signing the new General Dynamics contract, but only if the individual was 50 years of age or older (Zink, 2006). Workers who were not yet of 50 years of age, thus not in a protected class under the ADEA, filed suit against General Dynamics citing reverse discrimination since they were not to be afforded the full health care benefits due to their younger age profiles. The ADEA explicitly states the following: â€Å"It shall be unlawful for an employer – (1) to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual or otherwise discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, term, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual’s age† (Zink, 2006, p.2). Ultimately, this case was dismissed by the Circuit Court, citing that reverse discrimination was not allowed under the ADEA. However, the younger workers were allowed to pursue their reverse discrimination suit citing other legal precedents. This particular case was chosen for analysis because many organizations, in fear of receiving liability outcomes, will deny opportunities to younger workers in favor of those in an age-related protected class. Though General Dynamics does not necessarily fit this profile, it was necessary to show how the language of the ADEA and similar legislation can be misinterpreted so that younger workers miss out on many workplace opportunities because of how the language is spelled ou t. Consider the following case that did meet with victory in the court system alleging reverse discrimination, where the business did deny opportunities to a non-protected class in favor of avoiding liability. The New Haven Fire Department had established a proficiency test to determine which firefighter candidates were most qualified to receive promotions. Detailed steps were undertaken to ensure that the tests were unbiased, â€Å"including painstaking analyses to ensure the tests

Thursday, October 31, 2019

The Spread of Buddhism and The Spread of Islam Essay

The Spread of Buddhism and The Spread of Islam - Essay Example One of the key elements that was prevalent in both Islam and Buddhism is the fact that both possessed a charismatic leader that propagated for their religions. George Bernard Shaw once said about Muhammad:  "He must be called the Savior of Humanity. I believe that if a man like him were to assume the dictatorship of the modern world, he would succeed in solving its problems in a way that would bring it much needed peace and happiness".   Muhammad  was the most reviled figure in the history of the West from the 7th century until quite recent times. Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was confident, poise, compassionate and had an amazing personality. One of the reasons why Muhammad is truly an influential figure ever witnessed by the mankind was due to the fact that he was a key prophet. In Islam, the tradition of prophethood is extremely vital (Staples 63). Yet, Muhammad was an astonishing leader in his community morally and intellectually. This is essential because he becomes a mo del for his followers. Muhammad was extremely kind-hearted, and had amazing character (Staples 65). Before Mohammad even achieved his prophethood, he was some illogical traditions that were barbaric. For example, Arab and Persian tribes had a tradition of burying their young daughters alive (Varisco 139). The reason was due to the mentality that girls were considered a burden in the family, while the young son can facilitate his dad in earning the daily bread. When Muhammad saw these cruel acts, he immediately put an end to it. Similarly, Buddha possessed similar capabilities that allow both individuals to propagate their message to a mass populous which needed a savior during their times. Buddha was an amazing character because he has struggled to achieve his salvation and adapted a lifestyle that few could tolerate. Both Buddhism and Islam ousted these illogical traditions and solidified a root foundation of justice that was so critical in those eras. For instance, when Muhammad w as born, the Arabian Peninsula was in chaos (Hart, 9). However, traditions such as burying young born girls alive, oppression and cruelty was prominent. Similarly, Buddha was born in a wealthy family but continues to severe signs of poverty that plagued society. Both Islam and Buddhism implemented reform in a manner that no other religions had the ability to do so. It was inevitable that Muhammad and Buddha both changed the political, economical, and social spheres in their respective societies. Without a doubt, Islam was reached due to theological factors for many reasons. First and foremost is the fact that Islam banished interest and alcohol. Alcohol was the main cash crop of Arab back in that era and was the root foundation for trade (Hart, 22). Moreover, merchants were not able to charge interest unjustifiable, which was detrimental to their business. The social movement of reform that Islam implemented was clearly a brilliant indication of an unforeseen change that would dynam ically modify the globe. Buddhism is a religion that teaches peace and is regarded to be one of the most common meeting grounds for all the Asian cultures. Unlike Hinduism, Islam and Christianity, Buddhism does not embrace the idea of divine holiness. The components that create Buddhism are critical as they embrace peace and allow individuals to reflect from within. Hence Buddhism is embraced my Asian cultures because it rejects diety, promotes